The Department and its cleansing contractors have a total workforce of about 10 200 to keep the city clean and provide cleansing services, including street sweeping, waste collection and other cleansing work in Hong Kong. Workers normally begin working at daybreak and continue until late evening. All streets are manually swept at least once everyday. In the main commercial and tourist areas, streets are swept an average of four times a day, and up to eight times a day in the busiest pedestrian areas.
Complementing manual sweeping are 7 nos. of contractor's mechanical sweepers used to cleanse highways, flyovers and central road dividers and other high-use traffic areas. These mechanical sweepers normally swing into action after midnight when there is less traffic. The Department and its cleansing contractors have a total of 102 street washing vehicles which operate day and night with the frequency of street washing ranging from on need basis to at least 2 times weekly depending on the nature of the area served.
The Department has continued to contract out street cleansing services for greater efficiency and cost-saving.
To help keep Hong Kong tidy, about 20 900 litter containers and about 1 500 dog excreta collection bins are placed on the streets. They are cleared at least once a day. Moreover, with a view to promoting public participation in waste reduction and environmental protection, recyclables collection bins have now been provided at 1 939 locations at public places (see appended list) including refuse collection points, public markets, bus termini, MTR exits, sitting-out areas etc. for the collection of waste paper, metal and plastic materials.
This Department carries out daily enforcement action to prosecute littering offenders. To step up law enforcement to keep Hong Kong clean, the Fixed Penalty System against the following common public cleanliness offences is introduced: -
Littering;
Spitting;
Unauthorized display of bills or posters; and
Fouling of street by dog faeces.
The level of fixed penalty is $1,500 effective from 26 June 2003.
During the year of 2011, enforcement officers of the Department issued over 35 100 fixed penalty notices against cleanliness offences. The cases involved a total fines of about $ 52.65 million.
To facilitate the public to report cases of the littering from vehicle, a Littering From Vehicle - Report Form (in PDF format) has been introduced by this Department. This form is obtainable at the District Environmental Health Offices and the District Offices of the Home Affairs Department.
Waste Collection
The Department and its cleansing contractors operate some 240 modern refuse collection vehicles. Every day, about 5 160 tonnes of household waste is collected, including 1 050 tonnes from Hong Kong Island, 1 590 tonnes from Kowloon and 2 520 tonnes from the New Territories and outlying islands. They are taken to the refuse transfer stations or landfills managed by the Environmental Protection Department.
Roadside gullies are generally cleared manually every two to four weeks. Application of larvicidal oil is done on weekly basis as a precaution against mosquito breeding. Dirt and refuse taken from gullies are delivered to refuse collection points. Gully emptiers are used to clear gully traps on highways and flyovers where manual means will pose danger to life and limb. Such gullies are desilted once every six weeks. The Department currently employs 3 in-house gully emptiers and 4 contractor's gully emptiers to provide gully emptying service, and they are normally employed after midnight when traffic is light. The silt and dirt sucked up into gully emptiers are discharged at refuse transfer stations.
Conservancy services are still provided to some old tenements on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon where there is no sewerage system by 1 contractor’s specially designed nightsoil vehicle. Furthermore, the department currently employs 6 in-house desludging vehicles and 3 contractor's desludging vehicles to empty sludge from septic tanks and aqua privies. Desludging service for individual members of the public is provided upon their requests and at a charge. Nightsoil and sludge collected will be transported to Sewage Treatment Works of the Drainage Services Department for disposal.
Poster Removal
It is an offence to display bills and posters in any streets or public places throughout Hong Kong without the permission of the Lands Department and this Department, or in case of private land, without the permission of the owner or occupier. Every day, the staff of the Department will, in addition to patrolling the streets and removing unauthorized posters, take out prosecution action against any person found responsible for placing such posters.
Where a bill or poster is displayed on any private land or on any Government land, the bill or poster shall be maintained in a clean and tidy condition.
The Department has a total of 160 permanent off-street public refuse collection points (RCPs), 698 village-type RCPs and some 2 300 bin sites. As regards the permanent off-street RCPs, there are 47 on Hong Kong Island, 62 in Kowloon and 51 in the New Territories and on outlying islands. New RCPs, which are visually attractive as well as odourless, are equipped with water scrubber systems, vehicle exhaust extraction systems and high pressure water jet cleaners. In addition, large-scale turn-tables are installed in certain RCPs to facilitate the in and out movements of refuse collection vehicles.
Refuse collection vehicles of the Department and its cleaning contractors will collect household refuse at least once a day at public refuse collection points which are generally in operation from 7:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. For those in busy areas, the operation hours are extended to 11:30 p.m.. All RCPs receive household refuse during operation hours. For other category of wastes, public should deliver them to landfills / refuse transfer stations managed by the Environmental Protection Department or public filling facilities managed by the Civil Engineering and Development Department.
Altogether 662 public toilets come under this Department - 94 on Hong Kong Island, 62 in Kowloon and 506 in the New Territories and on outlying islands. In addition, there are 185 aqua privies in the New Territories and on outlying islands. Others, at parks, beaches and other recreational venues, are managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department. To improve cost-effectiveness, cleansing services for all public toilets are contracted out.
All public toilets are open 24 hours a day and are cleansed at least twice a day.
The main features of modern public toilets are as follows :
the external design shall be aesthetical and distinctive.
the toilet areas shall be spacious.
materials such as large tiles and urinals bowl shall be used for ease of maintenance.
The toilet areas shall be provided with sufficient lighting, both natural and artificial, with the use of glass block partitions.
ventilation in the toilet areas shall be enhanced with high headroom, cross-ventilation windows and ventilation system to provide a well-ventilated environment.
service corridors shall be provided at the back of W.C. cubicles to accommodate pipes, drains, concealed cisterns and automatic flushing cisterns of urinals for ease of maintenance.
adequate and modern facilities shall be provided such as electric hand dryers and stainless steel handrails.
toilets for the disabled shall be provided in the general toilet areas.
more facilities, such as small litter bins for disposal of sanitary napkins and hooks, shall be provided.
baby napkin changing areas shall be provided in the toilet areas.
In order to upgrade old public toilets to the latest standard of provision, the Department has embarked on a programme of improvement. In 2011, 12 public toilets have been upgraded.
The opening hours of public bathhouses are generally from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m. and from 4:30 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. daily. The provision of hot water starts from any day in November every year when the temperature at 7 a.m. is recorded at 20°C or below, and stops when the temperature at 7 a.m. is recorded at 25°C or above for three consecutive days in April the following year.
Vehicles
At present, the following specialized vehicles are used by the Department in cleansing services:
The Department has a total of 160 permanent off-street public refuse collection points (RCPs), 698 village-type RCPs and some 2 300 bin sites. As regards the permanent off-street RCPs, there are 
the external design shall be aesthetical and distinctive. 
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